Psychology The Nurture Theory And The Nature Theory

In developmental psychology, attachment describes an affectional bond between an infant and its caregiver. An infant who is attached to its caregiver will want to maintain proximity to him/her, will experience distress upon separation and will use the caregiver as a secure base. This paper will discuss two theories in developmental psychology: The nurture theory and the nature theory. The nurture theory, known as the behaviourism theory, tells us that babies learn all of their behaviours and that attachment is a result of conditioning. We will look at two types of learning and evaluate the nurture theory using research. In contrast, the nature theory is an evolutionary theory of Bowlby (1988) which states that babies are born with a survival instinct to use social releases to ensure adults care for them (Eysenck, 2012). Certain concepts of Bowlby’s (1988) research will be outlined in this paper and and research will be used to evaluate the nature theory. Nurture theory, or behaviourism, is the theory that every baby is born as a ‘blank slate’ and all behaviour is learned. The first concept in this theory is based on the work of Pavlov (1890-1930) and is called Classical Conditioning. Pavlov’s research on dogs led Watson (1913) to conduct research that found that attachment is learned when a baby associates its caregiver with a positive response. (Green, no date) During Pavlov’s study he found that when his dog saw the person who fed him, he would salivate without having yetShow MoreRelatedNature Vs. Nurture And How Studying Psychology Can Improve Critical Thinking818 Words   |  4 Pagesmission of history. The study of psychologies past endeavors to help future generations of psychology-minded individuals how the past discoveries that were implemented, and altered within the field. As with any history, knowing the successes, and possible mistakes in the within the field development can only assist future experiences. In examining the history of the psychology, upcoming psychology students are able to talk over the age-old debate of nature versus nurture. The beliefs of Darwinism stillRead MoreThe Case Study Written By Keith K. Schillo Of Suny College888 Words   |  4 Pagesby Keith K. Schillo of SUNY College at Oneonta gives a brief argument of how the nurture theory could possibly be the cause of gender identity based on the struggles one boy had to endure during his life. The case study goes on to describe how a twin boy went from being a boy to a girl and then back to being a boy again back in 1965 to determine if gender identity was based solely on the nurture theory, or if nature was the cause. Due to the inability of both boys being able to urinate properly,Read More Nature vs Nurture: Genes vs Environment Essay1490 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A debate between psychologist, scientists and philosopher thinkers on the spectrum of ‘nature vs. nurture’ arose concerning human development. In the nature versus nurture debate, the term nature refers to the genes we inherit while the term nurture refers to our outside environment (Nature vs. Nurture: Twin and Adoption Studies). This debate of ‘nature vs. nurture’ has existed for centuries and up to now it is still a topic of major discussion although at present time. Human developmentRead MoreThe Effect Of Environmental And Genetics On The Development Of A Person1000 Words   |  4 PagesOne of these oldest arguments in the history of psychology is the debate of whether or not ones environment or genetic background plays more of a role in the development of a person. Both nature and nurture have been proven to play an important role in one’s development. Nature is what we think of as pre-wiring and is influenced by genetic inheritance and other bi ological factors. Nurture is generally taken as the influence of external factors after conception e.g. the product of exposure, experienceRead MoreRetrospective Analysis of Personality1043 Words   |  5 PagesRetrospective Analysis of Personality Intro to Psychology August 31, 2014 I found doing this paper quite exciting to a certain point, until I really took a moment to glance back into my life and see the changes that have taken place. Through the years I have wondered what made me change my personality towards the way I look at things but now I see why. I drastically made those changes due to the different people and environments I have been. My personality started out as helping anyone I couldRead MoreUnderstanding Piaget Theory And Information Processing Theory1208 Words   |  5 Pagesof Cognitive theories has many different aspects that have been debated many years ago. Developmental psychologists try to explain cognitive development approaches which describe the process of human s thought. One of the developmental psychologist who studied on the area of cognitive was Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget a Swiss psychologist was the first developmental researcher who has extensive research on cognitive development. In addition, the revolution of Jean Piagetâ€℠¢s cognitive theory has changedRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Development1536 Words   |  7 Pagesof was nature’s way to control the population. Many know it as Survival of the fittest, Darwin called it natural selection. Natural selection is a theory about one’s biological response to their environment, known as adaptation. Those who do not possess the ability to learn (Adapt) to their ever changing environment will not survive. â€Å"The theory of natural selection made four important contributions. First, it explained change over time in organic design, â€Å"descent with modification.† SecondRead MoreThe Four Paradigms Of The Four Major Paradigms Of Psychology968 Words   |  4 Pages Cultural-Contextual Literacy Assignment Zanyah Brown Sampson Community College Mrs. Arnette’s Psychology Class Fall 2017 Cultural-Contextual Literacy Assignment In this assignment, the four major paradigms of psychology are discussed. The reasoning behind the placement of the theories will be discussed thoroughly and efficiently. Each of the theories was placed on a spectrum that measured whether they were more influenced by heredity or environment. Some, as many can see, can fit into both sidesRead MoreThe Theory Of The Mind And Behavior1264 Words   |  6 Pagespools of facts about the history of Psychology. We can trace it back to its roots, held deep in philosophy; even ancient Greek philosophers such as Plato introduced the concept of Anamnesis, suggesting that we are born with imprinted knowledge. Aristotle, a student of Plato, theorized the concept that we were born a blank canvas and the development of our minds are sculpted by our experience, demonstrating that modern psychological debates of nature VS nurture, and interests of the functions of theRead MoreBowlby s Theory Of Attachment1255 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant bond is th e emotional one between an infant and its primary care giver. When it comes to attachment it is often said that it is either down to nature or nurture. Nature is the belief that it is genetic based whilst nurture believes it is our environment and experiences. Bowlby focuses on the evolutionary argument for attachment. Bowlby’s theory can be sub categorized into 3 main components. First one being that the infant and the primary care giver are biologically programmed to form an attachment

Congress Enacted Title Vii Of The Civil Rights Act

Congress enacted Title VII of the Civil Rights Act to ensure that all people who are seeking employment will not be discriminated against regardless of their race, national origin, color sex, or religious beliefs. In the four given examples of casting calls, it would seem that disparate treatment discrimination was blatant in the both the wording and premise of the casting notices. Since it seems to be common practice for agencies to create casting notices that openly call for certain races or colors of people, it would seem that any person who wasn’t hired for a certain part could file action with The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and have their case investigated, or be given a â€Å"right to sue† order that could possibly change the employment practices of the entertainment industry. Discrimination appears to be prevalent throughout all four of the casting scenarios. Based on the fact that all roles were gender specific, the Title VII laws stating that a person cannot be discriminated based on sex was violated in each of the four scenarios. Moreover, the first and third casting calls also show further disparate treatment towards applicants due to the racial and religious qualities that are required for the parts. In scenario one, using the word â€Å"Jewish† obviously is calling for a person of a certain religion to audition for the part which violates Title VII; and because the notice calls for the person to be a mother, sex plus discrimination is also a pointShow MoreRelatedEssay on Title Vii1020 Words   |  5 PagesTitle VII Regina Marshall HR590 Human Resource Management September 11, 2010 Title VII Many of us have worked in job environment that were less than ideal and probably thought about quitting our jobs on a daily basis. Do you ever wonder what it was like before the laws were written and implemented that prevented your boss from discriminating against you and other coworkers? Well I can without a doubt say that I would not have want a job before the 1964 Congress enacted the TitleRead MoreEssay on Same Sex Harassment1650 Words   |  7 Pageslegal culture regarding sexual harassment has changed over the last 35 years. Our progressive society has finally decided to look at the issue of whether harassment of a sexual nature by a member of your same gender is included in what Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was trying to protect employees against. Several courts have permitted same sex harassment; they were however, at odds over whether such claims were valid if the harassing individual were heterosexual. Claims have been foundRead MoreOn The Parchment Of Bias928 Words   |  4 Pageswomen were not entitled to the same rights and privileges as men. â€Å"In Minor v. Happersett, 88 U.S. 162 (1875), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the Constitution did not grant women the right to vote. The Supreme Court upheld state court decisions in Missouri, in which a registrar had refused to, register a woman as a lawful voter because the state s laws allowed only men to vote†. The real progress was achieved during the Civil war era when universities offered co-educationalRead MoreEssay on Civil Rights Act of 19646131 Words   |  25 PagesThe Civil Rights Act of 1964 Danielle Endler Human Resources 4050, Spring 2013 Semester Professor David Penkrot May 3, 2013 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is considered by some to be one of the most important laws in American history. (The Most Important Cases, Speeches, Laws Documents in American History) This Act was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on July 2, 1964 and it is a â€Å"comprehensive federal statute aimed at reducing discrimination in public accommodations and employmentRead MoreThe Case Of Calibuso Et Al V. Bank Of America Corp Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pagescharges in in several states and with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) claiming that the Bank of America (BoA) used discriminatory pay practices against them in violation of state laws and the U.S. Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (DiMarco, 2014; Calibuso, 2012). These laws forbid inequalities in pay (Schrimsher Fretwell, 2012) and discriminating employment practices based on gender and other protected classes (42 U.S.C.A in Webber, 2015). TheRead MoreLeveling The Playing Field?1479 Words   |  6 PagesOpportunity (EEO). Three years after the Executive Order has been issued, Congress was forced to pass the title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which extended the prohibitions against discrimination to covered sector workers. This discussed that economic and social conditions of women and minorities could be improved by providing equal opportunity in the workplace. Plus Congress discuss Civil Rights Act that Congress prohibited private employers from discriminating against applicants or employeesRead MoreU.s. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesTechsystems The EEOC v. Alliant Techsystems case was settled in November of 2012, when Alliant Techsystems Inc. (ATK) agreed to pay $100,000 to settle the suit alleging that they violated Title VII (U.S. EEOC, 2016c). The case is one of a pretext for race discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. ATK is a Minnesota based company that is one of the nation’s largest aerospace and defense manufactures (U.S. EEOC, 2012). The EEOC was bringing the case against ATK on behalf ofRead MoreEmployment And Privacy Of The United States1612 Words   |  7 PagesThe U.S. Constitution was enacted to make sure the government granted its people rights. Over the years the government has created rights to protect employees in the workplace; these rights are to make sure employees do not suffer any unfair treatment. Employment and Privacy laws are there to help cover the rights and commitments in an employer-employee relationship; furthermore they are there to protect new applicant s, current employees, or former employees. As it is very hard to conduct employmentRead MoreWgu Human Resources Task 1992 Words   |  4 PagesDear Mr. Smith, Upon investigation in to the claim of constructive discharge under the Title VII Civil Rights Act of 1964 my research found this claim to be irrelevant and unjustified. A constructive discharge happens when an employee is legally justified in claiming that he/she was forced to resign because the employer has made working conditions intolerable. In our situation a complaint was never filed with the company letting us know the employee was unhappy or giving us the opportunity to respondRead MoreA Discussion Of Administrative Law Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesA Discussion of Administrative Law Congress and the state legislature pass laws that align to the U.S. Constitution. However, the laws enacted are general provisions that do not explain how they should be utilized. Consequently, federal, state, and local agencies must define the policies and regulations of the statutes. The rules and regulations established by the agency are known as administrative laws (Walsh, Maniotis, Kemerer, 2014). Educators must follow the laws passed by the state legislature

Merton Truck Free Essays

MERTON TRUCK COMPANY Sol 1 : Given : Selling Price od Model 101 truck : 39000 Selling Price of Model 102 truck : 38000 We know, Contribution C = SP – VC VC for Model 101 : Direct Material + Direct Labor + Variable Overhead : 24000 + 4000 + 8000 = $36000 VC for Model 102: Direct Material + Direct Labor + Variable Overhead : 20000+ 4500+8500 = $33000 Let no of Model 101 produced be X Let no of Model 102 produced be Y Z= (39000-36000)X + (38000=33000)Y Z=3000X + 5000Y So objective is to Maximize Z Constraints : 1| Engine Assembly | X + 2Y = 4000| 2| Metal Smapling| 2X + 2Y = 6000| | Model 101 Assembly| 2X =5000| 4| Model 102 Assembly| 3Y =4500| 5| Min no| X = 0| 6| Min no| Y =0| Solving for C with above constraints, we get : X = 2000 and Y = 1000 Corresponding C will be : 2000(3000) + 5000(1000) = $ 1100000 So best product mix is manufacturing of 2000 Model 101 truck and 1000 Model 102 truck. Sol 1. B : Changing Engine Assembly capacity from 4000 to 4001 : X + 2Y = 4001 Solving f or C with new constraints : We get value of X and Y as : X = 1999 and Y = 1001 Corresponding C will be $1100200 Extra Unit of capacity of Engine Assemble is : 1100000-1002000 = $ 2000 (i. We will write a custom essay sample on Merton Truck or any similar topic only for you Order Now e Shadow price of Engine Assembly ) . Sol 1. c : If the engine capacity is increased to 4100, constraint eq will become : X+2Y= 4100 Solving fr C will new constraints we get value as : X= 1900 and Y = 1100 C will be 11200000 Thus it can clearly seen that value of C has been increased from 1002000 to 1120000 which is 100 times. Graph in this will look like : Solution 2 : The company could rent additional capacity up to a maximum of the $ 2000 per machine-hour (this is the opportunity cost of 1 machine-hour of engine assembly capacity). Case1: Model 101 is outsourced: The engine capacity constraint equation would now be as follows: 2y = 4000 Running the linear programming module again would produce the result as given below: Objective Function Value = 12000000. 000 (Total Contribution) Product Mix: The following optimum product mix is obtained for the given constraints: Variable | Value| Reduced Costs| x| 1500| 0. 000| y| 1500| 0. 000| Slack/Shadow Prices: The constraints and their shadow prices are as obtained below: Constraint| Slack/Surplus (Machine-hours)| Dual/Shadow Prices ($) | Engine Assembly| 1000| 0| Metal Stamping| 0| 1500. 000| Model 101 Assembly| 2000| 0. 000| Model 102 Assembly| 0| 666. 667| Lower/Upper Limits: Coefficient/Constraint| Lower Limit| Current Value| Upper Limit| x| 0| 3000| 5000| y| 3000| 5000| No Upper Limit| Engine Assembly Capacity| 3000| 4000| No Upper Limit| Metal Stamping Capacity| 3000| 6000| 8000| Model 101 Assembly| 3000| 5000| No Upper Limit| Model 102 Assembly| 1500| 4500| 6000| Model 102 is outsourced: The product mix does not change even if we change the engine assembly capacity to X=4000 It would remain as shown in the table shown in section 6. . 1. 1 The company could rent the capacity at a maximum of shadow price of engine assembly capacity i. e. , $ 2000 per machine-hour Since, the upper limit of engine assembly capacity is 4500 machine-hours; the company could envisage renting out 500 units or either Model 101 or Model 102 trucks Solution 3 : Solution 3 : Problem says that there is a consideration of introducing Model 103 truck which will requir e following Machine Hrs at different stage of production: Engine Assembly : 0. 8 Machine Hrs / truck Metal Stamping : 1. 5 Machine Hrs / truck It can be manufactured with Model 101 Assembly at a rate of 4 Machine Hrs/truck. Contribution of Model 103 will be : 2000 | Model 101(X)| Model 102(Y)| Model03(Z’)| Constraint Sign| Machine Hrs| Engine Assembly| 1| 2| 0. 8| =| 4000| Metal Stampling| 2| 2| 1. 5| =| 6000| Model 101 Assembly| 2| | 4| =| 5000| Model 102 Assembly| | 3| | =| 4500| Min no| 1| | | =| 0| Min no| | 1| | =| 0| Min no| | | 1| +| 0| Z will be 3000X+5000Y+2000Z Solving for Z with above constraints , we get X = 1900 Y = 1100 Z’=0 Z = 11200000 As it can be clearly seen at optimal solution Model 103 production should be 0. Thus they should not produce Model 103 Trucks. (B)Contribution from Model 103 should be $349(Reduced cost as seen above) more so as to make me worthwhile to produce. Solution 5: New constraint is given as Model 101 production should be at least 3 times the no of Model 103. It can be written in equation form as : X – 3Y = 0 Solving for Z adding above constraint in the existing constraints , we get X= 2250 Y=750 Z=10500000 Graph for the new constraints is : It can be clearly seen with the introduction of new constraint there is a loss of opportunity. How to cite Merton Truck, Papers

Marketing Perspective Service Dominant Logic

Question: Describe about the Marketing Perspective for Service Dominant Logic. Answer: Service Dominant Logic The approach of Service Dominant Logic (SDL) came up in 2004 that is considered as a fantastic principle for marketing a product (Lusch and Vargo 2012). SDL believes in co-creation of value rather than the embedded value concepts. The logic helps in making the company market its products in a better manner (Lusch and Vargo 2012). For example, the largest car sharing or car club company of UK provides the service of an automobile company (Streetcarsmanchester.co.uk 2016). Following the SDL, it is not just a car rental service, but the customers are relieved from the burden of monetary expenses such as maintenance cost. It offers the convenience of owning a car without having the hassles of servicing, repair or parking. I engaged with this company for a few days while I was in Manchester. I had the car booked for six hour in a day but it costed me approximately 42.82 (Armstrong 2015). The car was not suitable for me as I usually had long trips and I needed the car to drive out of London (Armstrong 2015). The marketer could have involved different pricing techniques as the service is suitable for people who have to make short trips within the city for grocery shopping or other local trips. The company could have adopted multi-party pricing strategy for short trips and long-trips. The car club follows the hourly car hire prices. It could implement the distance based pricing strategy that could be put as an option for the customers (Lusch and Vargo 2012). Street Car provides mobility services for co-creating value and offers the convenience of owning a car without having paid for the hassles faced. A strong value proposition can be created by clean cars and offering great services at a discount (Wang et al. 2016). During high demand periods, Street Car can consider charging higher prices and low prices during low demand. With this robust pricing strategy, Street car would not just co-create value, but also compete with other taxi and car hiring companies. Street Car must not follow one- size-fits all prices (Mohammed 2013). Dynamic pricing strategies could have made my experience better. I paid high prices for hiring the car due to which I was disappointed for availing the services. If the company followed dynamic pricing model, I would have paid a lesser price than what I had to actually pay for (Lusch and Vargo 2012). Moreover, I would be more loyal to the company and consider engaging with them. My attitude and behavior would be positive as I would have gotten a more personal experience. My satisfaction level would be high and I would definitely be a loyal customer if the value was created in a better manner (Lusch and Vargo 2012). Conclusively, service dominant logic not just sells products, but co-creates value for its customers. It helps in gaining the marketers a new perspective for creating value to the consumer. The firms can think of more opportunities that help in creating value through the services. References Armstrong, A., 2015.Enterprise drives off with City Car Club. [online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/11508736/Enterprise-drives-off-with-City-Car-Club.html [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Lusch, R. and Vargo, S., 2012.The service-dominant logic of marketing. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. Mohammed, R., 2013.Ubers Price Gouging Is the Future of Business. [online] Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2013/12/ubers-price-gouging-is-the-future-of-business [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Streetcarsmanchester.co.uk, 2016.About-us | Street Cars. [online] Streetcarsmanchester.co.uk. Available at: https://www.streetcarsmanchester.co.uk/pages/about-us [Accessed 13 Aug. 2016]. Wang, X., He, F., Yang, H. and Oliver Gao, H., 2016. Pricing strategies for a taxi-hailing platform.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 93, pp.212-231.